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Workers who are employed at places that subscribe to social insurance are required by law to enroll in health insurance and social insurance such as a pension scheme, regardless of nationality. A laborer may not join in or withdraw from either insurance at will.
Those who are not enrolled in social insurance or a pension scheme but who have completed resident registration must enroll in National Health Insurance and National Pension. You must enroll at the municipal office where you are registered as a resident. However, if you are in Japan on a short-term stay, you are not eligible for National Health Insurance. (For details, please read Taxes/Medical Treatment and Health Insurance.)
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